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    Weapon! When and how do you harvest corn?

    2020-10-12 | Pageviews: CHANGZHOU FOAN M AND E CORPORATION
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    In 2020, Northeast China was hit by a typhoon. Many farmers are wondering whether it is better to harvest corn manually or mechanically? When to harvest corn is also a difficult thing for us.

    The purchase price of corn this year is more than 1 yuan for standard corn, which means that the price of corn field is 0.7 yuan, which is a normal price. The choice of mechanical harvesting or manual harvesting of fallen corn is directly related to the price of corn:
    the labor cost of manual harvesting is about 200 yuan per mu (referring to the cost of cutting the corn and picking it manually). About 150 yuan per mu. And this year's harvester is expected to harvest corn between 80-100 yuan, which means that the cost of mechanical harvesting and manual harvesting is 50-100 yuan.

    What are the criteria for choosing manual harvesting or mechanical harvesting? (1) Lodging of corn, the larger the slope of corn, the less suitable for mechanical harvesting, and the higher the loss rate. This is the issue we should focus on. When harvesting corn, we must first look at the loss rate. If the loss rate is greater than 5%, it is more economical to harvest it manually. (2) Maize maturity This year's maize has a low accumulated temperature due to rainy days and insufficient light, and it is also affected by lodging, so its maturity is much worse than in previous years. The hardness of some corn is not suitable for mechanical harvesting. Try to harvest these corn manually, otherwise the harvest loss, storage and threshing loss will be great. In addition, attention should be paid to mechanical damage and mildew during corn harvesting. Once mechanically harvested corn is damaged, it will inevitably become moldy. The moldy rate is an important indicator of corn quality.

    How to machine the lodging corn? Master these harvesting techniques:  

    1. Appropriate equipment selection

    • One is to harvest fallen corn. It is advisable to choose a high-performance corn harvester with a long header length, a small inclination angle, and a high-performance corn harvester that can work close to the ground.
    • Second, for plots with accumulated water or high soil moisture, crawler-type harvesters should be used to prevent vehicles from getting stuck.
    • Third, when the rush harvesting operation is carried out in advance, the grain moisture content is high, and the ear harvester should be used; the grain moisture content is reduced to below 25%, and the grain harvester can be selected.
    • Fourth, for places with serious lodging and a high rate of plant breakage or where there is a demand for silage, it is advisable to use a ground hob cutting silage corn harvester with grain crushing function.

    2. Do a good job of debugging and refitting of machinery. Carry out a comprehensive maintenance and inspection of the harvesting machinery before the start of the operation season to ensure that the machinery can work normally throughout the harvest period. Refit the header position, appropriately adjust the roller divider, chain auxiliary feeding and finger feeding devices to improve the smoothness of feeding the lodging crops; for the grain harvester, the drum speed and concave plate should be adjusted Clearance, etc., to avoid excessive rubbing, reduce the damage of high-moisture kernels, and improve the reliability of operation. Increase the air volume of the harvester as much as possible to make the harvested corn cleaner, which helps reduce the possibility of corn mildew in this special environment; adjust the speed of the threshing drum and the gap between the concave plates to avoid excessive rubbing, Cause the water in the stems and leaves to enter the grains. After debugging or refitting, the harvester should be tested for operation, first partial and then overall, carefully check the operation of walking, steering, cutting table, conveying, peeling, threshing, cleaning, unloading and other institutions, and check whether the lifting system is working Normal, check for abnormal noise, oil leakage, water leakage, header, frame and other parts deformation, etc., and solve the problems one by one, and prepare spare parts in advance to deal with machine failures in time. 

    3. Adjust the operation method 
    • For the corn plants whose lodging direction is parallel to the planting row, it is advisable to adopt the counter-row harvesting method and return idling, which is conducive to lifting the lodging corn for harvesting;
    • For corn plants with inconsistent lodging directions, the reciprocating and opposite row harvesting operation should be adopted.
    During operation, the front of the harvester's grain divider should be close to the ground in the furrow, and the power of the straw returning device should be disconnected or raised to the highest position to prevent missed corn ears from being broken, facilitate manual picking, and reduce harvest loss. During harvesting operations, the harvesting speed should be appropriately reduced to ensure normal operation performance, and the cutting table should be cleaned in time to prevent blockage caused by irregular feeding of corn plants after lodging, which will affect the operation effect and increase the operation loss.
    4. Adjust the working period. Empty the field water as soon as possible to create conditions for the machine to enter the ground and prevent the machine from sinking or slipping. In areas where conditions permit, try to choose harvesting operations after dew or frost subsides and before sunset temperature drops and returns to tide.
    5. Strengthen work safety and post-harvest processing, improve production safety awareness, scientifically standardize operations, and avoid accidents. For components with potential safety hazards after modification, safety warning signs should be set at obvious locations. Before clearing the congestion, make sure that the machine has been stopped and turned off to prevent the header from hurting people.
    • To harvest ears, the collected ears should be manually cleaned in time to remove mildew and ensure the quality of the food. They should be stored off the ground, with ventilation and precipitation, and timely threshing, drying and storage if possible.
    • When the grain is harvested, the grain dryer should be used for drying in time, and the moisture should be stored after the moisture content is reduced to safe storage.
    When will the corn be harvested this year?
    Experts suggest that this year's corn harvest should be harvested early without affecting the yield. The main reasons are as follows:
    l. Rainy lodging is prone to mildew

    The mold rate of corn rose sharply under the condition of lodging and rain. Even corn in many areas had sprouted and moldy when it was not harvested. When corn was sold, the price was greatly affected and even encountered the dilemma of no one to buy. Therefore, it is very necessary to harvest and ventilate in advance at this time.

    2. Allow enough time for harvesting corn

     Both mechanical harvesting and manual harvesting of lodging corn take twice as long as normal corn harvesting. The golden period of corn harvesting in Northeast China is inherently short. If corn is not harvested, the increase in costs and losses will be unbearable.


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